Поставите питања везана за еволуциону биологију

[Avocado]

Pa recimo ovo pod 8 gde pokusava da objasni zasto se mutacija nalazi na identicnoj lokaciji.

Ok, evo onda odgovora na taj deo:

8. Let us consider humans and apes. Since they are so similar, one would expect that they had many similar genes at the creation in similar locations in the genetic material. Also, with the change in environment since then, one would expect that some of these genes would no longer be necessary, such as the gene for synthesizing vitamin C, and that there would be a few such genes in common between apes and men.

Iskreno, ovo kao da je onaj tvoj genijalac pisao. Kakve promene u zivotnoj sredini (environment) mogu da izazovu identicnu genetsku mutaciju kod nekoliko desetina vrsta Primata koji zive u najrazlicitijim zivotnim sredinama?

Now, point mutations arise all the time, and if they are fatal or harmful, they will disappear from the population (have a small frequency). If they are neutral, they can be passed on. So it is reasonable that point mutations inactivating the vitamin C synthesizing genes would occur in both humans and apes, and be preserved in both, since these genes have little benefit now. Thus we would get a pseudogene in the same location in humans and apes. It could have been present in the individuals on the ark, for example. This probably would occur for a few other genes, as well. For organisms that are less similar, this still could happen, but less often. So we would expect to find a pattern of common pseudogenes that reflects the similarity between organisms, but not as an evidence of common descent.

Pre svega, kod ovog gena nije u pitanju point mutacija nego frame-shift mutacija... I to ti je prilicno dobra indicija da gosn. Plaisted nema pojma o cemu prica.

Ni za jednu ni za drugu mutaciju ne postoji nikakav razuman razlog da se desi na identicnom mestu kod vise desetina vrsta... cinjenica da su dve vrste slicne ne utice na to da imaju iste genetske mutacije...

Actually, the LGGLO pseudogene (an inactivated Vitamin C synthesis gene) has been found in one human so far and no apes, according to Edward Max, but in his essay he predicts that it should be found in apes, too.

Ovaj pseudogen se ne zove tako, zovu ga GULO ili GULOP... LGGLO je skacenica za enzim koji kodira (u slucaju gena) tj. koji bi trebalo da kodira (u slucaju pseudogena).

Postoji kod svih ljudi i kod nekoliko desetina vrsta Primata.

In fact, given the similarity in the DNA of humans and apes, that is a reasonable prediction. There are other examples of common pseudogenes that he says have been found in humans and apes, but I do not know yet if they occur in exactly the same form in humans and apes, or in how many individuals they have been found, or how many base pairs they have.

Nisu potpuno identicni jer je svaka od tih vrsta imala i point mutacije ali su dovoljno slicni da bude jasno da je u pitanju isti (pseudo)gen.

Even if they do occur in the same form, this would be a problem for evolutionary theory, I think, because neutral mutations tend to be eliminated from populations, according to the talk.origins archive, and one would not expect a neutral mutation to persist for so long.

Ovo je nesto pogresno razumeo.

Some neutral mutations can spread to the whole population, but this generally takes a very long time and has a low probability. (The chance that this will happen is proportional to the frequency of a neutral mutation in the population.)

Samo pod uslovom da je populacija prilicno velika.

By seeing how much variation exists between copies of the mutated region in different organisms, one could estimate its time of origin and in this way check evolutionary timetables, since non-functional DNA probably mutates at constant rates. One would not expect to find a large number of shared neutral mutations among all humans and apes, in any event.

Izgleda da ima pogresnu ideju da se ova mutacija pojavila nakon razdvajanja ljudi od ostalih Primata pa prosirila na sve... hipoteza naucnika je da se ova mutacija pojavila kod zajednickog pretka i svi su je nasledili...

Also, one would expect to find neutral mutations that had only spread to half or a fourth of the population, too, since they spread so slowly when they do spread. Furthermore, one would expect a gene to be inactivated in many different ways, so that exactly the same form should not be found today in all individuals. This would seem to imply a very severe population bottleneck at some time in the past.

Nije sporno da su postojali ozbiljni populacioni bottleneck-ovi u proslosti...

[grigorije22]

Sto se tice onog klipa o vitaminu C koji si postavio na nasoj grupi, treba da ga prosledim Dr Dzeriju Bergmanu da odgovori.

Nadam se samo da neces da kazes genijalac, zato sto bi to bila cista falacija gringrin

[Avocado]

Sto se tice onog klipa o vitaminu C koji si postavio na nasoj grupi, treba da ga prosledim Dr Dzeriju Bergmanu da odgovori.

Nadam se samo da neces da kazes genijalac, zato sto bi to bila cista falacija gringrin

Ne znam ko je doticni... prosledi klip slobodno... samo u klipu nisu izneta moja pitanja upucena vama...

[grigorije22]

Ne znam ko je doticni... prosledi klip slobodno... samo u klipu nisu izneta moja pitanja upucena vama...

http://creationwiki.org/Jerry_Bergman

[grigorije22]

Avocado ajde odgovori na ovaj video

[Avocado]

Ne mogu Griso da gledam pa jos i komentarisem toliko glup i toliko dugacak klip...

Ovaj tip se bavi ovakvim muslimanima, (nisam gledao sve njegove klipove, mozda par komada, nije nista specijalno ali ok je):

[grigorije22]

Da li je ovaj podatak tacan?

Would you Adam and Eve it? Quarter of science teachers would teach creationism• 29% say science classes should include theory

• Poll supports views of former education head

The following clarification was printed in the Guardian's Corrections and clarifications column, Monday 19 January 2009

We were wrong to report that, according to a national poll, more than a quarter of science teachers in state schools believe that creationism should be taught alongside evolution in science lessons. The Ipsos Mori poll of 923 primary and secondary school teachers in England and Wales found that, within this group, 29% of teachers who cited science as their subject specialism agreed with the statement that creationism should be taught in science lessons alongside the theory of evolution and the big bang theory, but we made the mistake of suggesting that the sample was representative of all science teachers. The teachers who responded to the survey were representative of the general population of primary and secondary school teachers but the polling company did not survey a representative sample of science teachers

More than a quarter of science teachers in state schools believe that creationism should be taught alongside evolution in science lessons, according to a national poll of primary and secondary teachers.

The Ipsos/Mori poll of 923 primary and secondary teachers found that 29% of science specialists agreed with the statement: "Alongside the theory of evolution and the Big Bang theory, creationism should be TAUGHT in science lessons"

Some 65% of science specialists disagreed with the statement. When asked if creationism should be "discussed" alongside evolution and the Big Bang 73% of science specialists agreed.

That such a large minority of science teachers advocate teaching creationism has dismayed prominent scientists who believe supernatural explanations for the origin of the universe have no place in school science lessons. Professor Richard Dawkins, Britain's best-known evolutionary biologist and a leading secularist, called the findings "a national disgrace".

The teachers who advocate teaching creationism are also directly contradicting the government's guidelines on the subject, which state: "Creationism and intelligent design are not part of the science national curriculum programmes of study and should not be taught as science." The sample includes teachers from all types of maintained schools including comprehensives, grammars, faith schools and academies. It does not include fee-paying schools.

The survey also indicates strong support for the views of the Royal Society's former director of education, Professor Michael Reiss. He resigned in September over his views on how to include creationism in science lessons. But a majority of science specialists polled endorsed his argument that creationism should be "discussed" in science lessons.

In response to the poll, Reiss said: "School science lessons provide wonderful opportunities for students of all ages to be introduced to scientific thinking about the origins of the universe and evolution of life. At the same time, some students have creationist beliefs. The task of those who teach science is then to teach the science but to treat such students with respect."

Reiss argues that creationism should not be treated as a misconception but as a world view. "Just because something lacks scientific support doesn't seem to me a sufficient reason to omit it from a science lesson," he wrote on guardian.co.uk shortly before his resignation. "When teaching evolution, there is much to be said for allowing students to raise any doubts they have ... and doing one's best to have a genuine discussion."

At the height of the row, two Nobel prize winners and Fellows of the Royal Society - Sir Harry Kroto and Sir Richard Roberts - publicly called for Reiss to be sacked.

The Ipsos/Mori poll also canvassed support for the more hardline position of only mentioning creationism in the context of dismissing it. It found that only 26% of all teachers and 46% of science specialists agree with Professor Chris Higgins, vice-chancellor of the University of Durham, who is quoted as saying "the only reason to mention creationism in schools is to enable teachers to demonstrate why the idea is scientific nonsense".

The poll was conducted between 5 November and 10 December and the results are statistically weighted by sex, age and teaching phase to the known profile of primary and secondary school teachers in England and Wales. Many of the primary teachers polled for the survey may have a science specialism, but teach a range of subjects day to day.

Higgins said creationism as an alternative to Darwin's theory had been "thoroughly discredited". He added: "If a pupil raises it as a hypothesis then a brief discussion as to why creationism is wrong might be appropriate ... But it would undermine any educational system to purposefully teach discredited ideas which are now only perpetuated through ignorance or flawed thinking - one might as well teach astrology, flat Earthism, alchemy or a geocentric universe."

Phil Willis MP, chair of the parliamentary innovation, universities, science and skills select committee, said: "There are ample opportunities elsewhere in the curriculum to discuss belief rather than scientific theory. Science teachers should simply explain why evidence is crucial to good scientific practice."

[grigorije22]

Ne mogu Griso da gledam pa jos i komentarisem toliko glup i toliko dugacak klip...

Ovaj tip se bavi ovakvim muslimanima, (nisam gledao sve njegove klipove, mozda par komada, nije nista specijalno ali ok je):

Ok hteo sam samo da iskoristim tvoje znanje u apologetske svrhe gringrin

[Бјелопавлић]

Не бој се Семберац. Овакве научне теорије могу само помоћи теологији, а никако је не могу поништити. Када наиђемо на овакав дијалог (са науком), треба да се задубимо и да тумачимо истине своје вере. Тако су и Оци радили у сусрету са античком философијом и науком. Погледај отачку теологију па ћеп видети колико су присутне античке форма мишљења. То је прави начин да говоримо свету - да размишљамо садржај откривења вреднујући и евидентне научне чињенице и сазнања. Ако тако будемо радили можемо изаћи само бољи и јачи. У супротном, постаћемо анахрони и неразумљиви највећем делу човечанства.

Управо тако amen .

[Анастасија]

Izvolte , tema o TE .Malo se prašina nakupila

[feeble]

Ево хепиенда за еволуционисте у ВБ

Darvin je pobedio Boga

[Аурор]

Ево хепиенда за еволуционисте у ВБ

Darvin je pobedio Boga

Bar je negde sprecena ekspanzija neznanja i gluposti.

[winux59]

Bar je negde sprecena ekspanzija neznanja i gluposti.

Upravo suprotno, time su je samo podstalki.

To je cista inodktrinacija.

Kadija te tuzi, kadija te sudi.

[Natasa.]

Ево хепиенда за еволуционисте у ВБ

Darvin je pobedio Boga

Iako je naslov glup do bola, sjajna stvar je uradjena . Jako sam se obradovala !

[winux59]

Iako je naslov glup do bola, sjajna stvar je uradjena . Jako sam se obradovala !

Ugusena sloboda misljenja, Sjajna stvar, sve teorije koje su tako pocele su ubrzo pale.

jeeeej

Najprodavanije ploce su uvek bile one zabranjene.